Environmentally friendly quaternary salts of amines and their use as temporary and/or permanent clay stabilizers and methods for making and using same

摘要

New classes of temporary and/or permanent clay stabilization compositions including at least one quaternary salt of primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, reaction products of these amines with at least one aldehyde, or mixtures and combinations thereof and to methods for making and using same, where the quaternary salts have reduced toxicity.