Attenuated recombinant poliovirus that has: (i) a 5 'non-coding region consisting of the 5' non-coding region of Sabin 3, modified so that it does not have a mismatch of base pairs on the stem (a) or (b) of domain V, in which: (a) a pair of UA bases is present at positions 471-538 and 472-537 on the stem (a) and at positions 478-533, 480-531 and 481- 530 on the stem (b) and a pair of AU bases is present at positions 479-532 and 482-529 on the stem (b); or (b) a pair of UA bases is present at positions 471-538 and 472-537 on the stem (A) and at positions 478-533, 480-531 and 481-530 on the stem (b) and a AU base pair is present at positions 477-534, 479-532 and 482-529 on the stem (b); and (ii) a region encoding the capsid P1 of the strain Sabin 1, Mahoney, MEF or Saukett.
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