A stiffness-controllable joint snake-like mechanism (1-2) for a single-port surgical instrument, capable of effectively avoiding collision problems of tools in surgery, thus making the surgical operation more precise and flexible, and bringing higher lifting power. The stiffness-controllable joint snake-like mechanism (1-2) comprises: an elastic support frame (2-5); an energy exchange means (2-4) winded around the elastic support frame (2-5); a snake-like framework (2-2) fitted over the energy exchange means (2-4); an isolation and heat insulating sleeve (2-1) fitted over the snake-like framework (2-2); and a liquid metal (2-3) filled in gaps between the elastic support frame (2-5), the energy exchange means (2-4), and the snake-like framework (2-2). The energy exchange means (2-4) controls phase change of the liquid metal (2-3) by means of heat exchange, thereby implementing rigid-flexibility conversion of the snake-like mechanism (1-2).
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