This ultrasonic sounding method comprises the following steps: controlling (100) a plurality of emitters for M successive emissions of ultrasonic waves in a medium; controlling (100) N receivers for receiving, for each successive transmission, N measurement signals; obtaining (100) a matrix [K (t)] of time signals of size MxN, each coefficient Ki, j (t) of this matrix representing the measurement signal received by the j-th receiver due to the i-th program ; transformation (102) of the matrix [K (t)] into a matrix [FTK (f)] of frequency signals over a plurality of temporal frequencies of interest. For each temporal frequency of interest, we obtain (106) an autocorrelated diagonalisable matrix of the matrix [FTK (f)] and project (112) several reference signals at several distinct spatial frequencies of interest over a subspace own of the diagonalizable matrix obtained. We then obtain (114) a two-dimensional representation of characteristic dispersion curves of the medium from these projections (112) at each time frequency of interest and at each spatial frequency of interest.
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