A diprovocim compound that corresponds in structure to structural Formula V is disclosed, wherein A, W, Z, R1, R2, R3 and R4 (when present) are defined within. A diprovocim compound has immune-adjuvant properties on human and mouse cells in culture and on in vivo immunization of mice. A composition containing a diprovocim and a method of using a compound are also disclosed. The immunostimulatory activity of a diprovocim compound is similar to that of LPS, to which there is no apparent structural similarity. A contemplated compound bears no structural similarity to either the TLR1/TLR2 lipoprotein agonists nor to any other synthetic TLR agonist, and is remarkably easy to prepare and synthetically modify.
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