The invention belongs to the technical field of quantitative analysis of the statistical distribution of characteristics of characteristic images of microstructures and precipitated phases in metal materials and relates to a quantitative characterization method of the statistical distribution of precipitation particles at full field of view in a metal material. The method comprises the following steps of electrolytic corrosion of a metal sample, automatic collection of characteristic images of the microstructure, automatic stapling and automatic fusion of microstructure images at full field of view, automatic identification and segmentation of the exudate particles and quantitative characterization of the distribution of exudate particles at full Field of view on a large scale. The establishment of a mathematical model realizes the automatic stapling and fusion of the characteristic images of the microstructures with full field of view in a large area in a characteristic area and the automatic segmentation and identification of the exudate particles; and the quantitative characterization information of the random distribution of morphology at full field of view, the amount, the size, the distribution, and the like of abundant precipitated phases in a larger range are quickly obtained. The method has the features that it is accurate in terms of quantitative characterization of the distribution, is highly efficient and informative, and has much more statistical representativity compared to the conventional single-field quantitative image analysis.
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