Provided is a sand mold digital flexible extrusion near-net forming optimization method based on a search algorithm. The method includes: dividing a sand mold Computer Aided Design (CAD) 3D model near-net forming region; acquiring a curved surface function of a near-net forming sand mold CAD 3D model cavity; constructing a flexible extrusion array envelope volume optimization objective function; determining a valid optimization interval R; translating the position of a sand mold CAD 3D model cavity to a search initial position; determining a search direction; determining search step lengths in x and y directions respectively; performing a global search in the valid optimization interval R, comparing flexible extrusion array envelope volume values, and saving the larger value as V(x,y) max and the corresponding position as (x,y) max ; and completing the search, translating the position of the near-net forming sand mold CAD 3D model cavity to (x,y) max , and executing a flexible extrusion array shape adjusting procedure. The method enables, within an error margin, a near-net forming sand mold cavity to approach a sand mold cavity to the greatest extent.
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