SURFACE MODIFICATION OF TITANIUM BY INCORPORATION OF CARBON ON SURFACE AND WITHIN FOR ITS DENTAL, MEDICAL AND OTHER APPLICATIONS

摘要

Carbon is principle constituent element of human body and carbon has shown high biocompatibility to the cells. Carbon implants have proven to be highly biocompatible, although, these are not tough materials. The principle purpose of present investigation was to invent a procedure by which a new biomaterial which possess the properties of both the titanium and carbon. Thus a titanium ( cp-Ti) surface has been carbonized by using pure graphene by a novel procedure. The cp-Ti 2mm thick samples were sectioned with a hacksaw and the sides were smoothened by mechanical polishing. Samples were mechanically polished with emery paper of 1/0 to 4/0 grades and finally on sylvet cloth, mounted on a polishing wheel, using suspension of alumina powder in water as abrasive. The samples were cleaned in water using ultrasonic cleaner for 8 minutes and then washed with acetone. The samples were air dried and kept in desiccators. The titanium sample was kept in quartz tubular furnace for carbonizing. The tube was first evacuated using rotary pump in the order of 10^-2 torr and then the sample was heated upto the desired temperature of 300°C, 400°C, 600°C and 650°C at a constant heating rate of 20° per minute. When the growth temperature was reached hexane as a liquid precursor for carbon was introduced/injected into the growth chamber for 10 minutes and then after completion of process the furnace was allowed to cool to the room temperature. Throughout the whole process the hydrogen gas was flown at a constant flow rate of 40 SCCM. The samples were removed with clean twizzer and kept in desiccators followed by the desired characterization. Thus the surfaces of titanium created by carbonization using aforesaid novel graphene technique combine the good mechanical properties of titanium and biocompatibility of carbon. The material prepared by this technique is hydrophilic and rougher hence more biocompatible for osseointegration in Dental, orthopedic and other applications. The wettability of the surfaces was examined and was found to improve, this is important to improve the adsorption of fluid and proteins on the surface and cells to attach, spread, proliferate and lay down bone/tissue adhesion on implant surface. Therefore, composite material formed by incorporation of carbon is a great biomaterial for dental, Medical and other day to day applications.