The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or treating parasitic infectious diseases in fish, comprising a Sophora flavescens Aiton (Jerusalem artichoke) extract or a fraction thereof as an active ingredient, and specifically to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating diseases caused by infection with sea lice, which are fish parasites, a feed additive composition for preventing or alleviating said diseases, and a method for preventing or treating parasitic infectious diseases in fish, comprising the step of introducing said compositions into fish directly or to a fish farm.
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