Commerce intra-branche et intra-produit dans la spécialisation internationale de la France : 1960-1985

摘要

Intra-industry, intra-product trade and international specialization : the french experience between 1960-1985 The theory of intra-industry trade has been widely developed these last ten years. All the theoretical approaches take as given the empirical predominance of trade of similar products between countries with a similar development. A systematic statistical analysis for French trade show the limits of a susch a priorism. The global intra-industry trade is decomposed by geographical areas and by bilateral partners. Results indicate a high decrease of the intra-industry trade ratios when trade is geographically decomposed. The bilateral intra-industry trade is low and stable since the seventies. The examination of exchanges between France and Federal Republic of Germany show also that when intra-industry trade takes really place it is for intermediary and production goods. These two empiricals results ask a number of questions to the theoretical models of imperfect competition and differentiation of products which dominates actually the intra-industry trade explanations. They indicate also the importance that approaches in term of comparative advantages have to keep in the analysis.