The aims of this work is to study the cracks evolution under plasticity and nonuniform stress field effects by using cohesive zone model. Firstly, basing on the variational approach, the crack evolution in the elastoplastic material is investigated. The solutions for 1D beam under simple tension is expressed explicitly through the first and the second orders stability conditions of energy. This study shows us the plasticity effects on the material softening behavior as soon as crack appears. In fact, the global solution of the beam under described displacement is stable only if the beam length is lower than a characteristic length. This length is independent of plasticity hardening module but depends on Young modulus and on the second derivative of crack energy density. The energy formulations can be generalized for 3D structure. In this case, the plasticity and cohesive criteria become two curves in Mohr’s stresses plane. The comparison between theses curves allows us to consider the crack nucleation in the plastified domain. Secondly, the non-uniform stress field effects on the crack nucleation in the elastic material is highlighted. The analytical solution is established by using two-scales techniqueand complex analysis. The evolution of fully cohesive crack and partially non-cohesive crack is controlled by the stress gradient, which is related to a characteristic length. Different cohesive laws are used in our study. The sensitivity of solution to preexisting imperfection size is also explored. Finally, analytical results are validated by numerical simulations and the cohesive zone model in mixed mode is implemented in Code_Aster.
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