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Public attitudes toward stuttering in Europe: Within-country and between-country comparisons

机译:公众对欧洲口吃的态度:在国内和国家之间的比较

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摘要

Introduction: Epidemiological research methods have been shown to be useful in determining factors that might predict commonly reported negative public attitudes toward stuttering. Previous research has suggested that stuttering attitudes of respondents from North America and Europe (i.e., "The West"), though characterized by stereotypes and potential stigma, are more positive than those from several other regions of the world. This inference assumes that public attitudes within various regions characterized by "The West" are similar. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the extent to which public stuttering attitudes are similar or different both within regions of three different European countries and between or among five different European countries or similar geographic areas. It also aimed to compare these European attitudes to attitudes from 135 samples around the world using a standard measure. Material and methods: Using convenience sampling, 1111 adult respondents from eight different investigations completed the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes-Stuttering (POSHA-S) in the dominant language of each country or area. In Study I, the authors compared attitudes within three different regions of Bosnia & Herzegovina, Italy, and Norway. In Study II, the authors compared attitudes between combined samples from Bosnia & Herzegovina, Italy, and Norway (with additional respondents from Sweden), and two other samples, one from Germany and the other from Ireland and England. Results: Attitudes of adults from the three samples within Bosnia & Herzegovina, Italy, and Norway were remarkably similar. By contrast, attitudes between the five different countries or area were quite dramatically different. Demographic variables on the POSHA-S did not predict the rank order of these between-country/area differences. Compared to the POSHA-S worldwide database, European attitudes ranged from less positive than average (i.e., Italians) to more positive than average (i.e., Norwegians and Swedes). Conclusion: Factors related to national identity appear to play a significant role in differences in public attitudes in Europe and should be explored in future research.
机译:简介:流行病学研究方法已被证明在确定可能预测常用公众对口吃的因素的因素中有用。以前的研究表明,从北美和欧洲(即“西方”的受访者的态度陈述,虽然是刻板印象和潜在的耻辱,比来自世界上其他几个地区的人更积极。这种推断假设在以“西方”为特征的各个区域内的公共态度是相似的。目的:本研究旨在确定公众口吃态度在三个不同欧洲国家的地区和五个不同的欧洲国家或类似地理区域之间相似或不同的程度。它还旨在使用标准措施将这些欧洲态度与来自世界各地的135个样本的态度进行比较。材料和方法:使用八个不同调查的1111名成人受访者在每个国家或地区的主要语言中完成了人类属性 - 口吃(Posha-s)的舆论调查。在研究I中,作者在波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那,意大利和挪威的三个不同地区的态度比较了态度。在研究II中,作者比较了来自波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那,意大利和挪威的组合样本(瑞典的其他受访者)的态度,以及来自德国的另外两种样品,来自爱尔兰和英格兰。结果:波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那,意大利和挪威三个样本的成人态度非常相似。相比之下,五个不同国家或地区之间的态度非常不同。 Posha-s上的人口变量没有预测这些国家/地区差异之间的排名顺序。与Posha-S全球数据库相比,欧洲态度从比平均水平的阳性较少(即,意大利人)比平均水平更积极(即,挪威人和瑞典人)。结论:与民族认同有关的因素似乎在欧洲公众态度的差异中发挥着重要作用,并应在未来的研究中探讨。

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