Development of Human Factors Guidelines for Advanced Traveler Information Systemsand Commercial Vehicle Operations: Task Analysis of ATIS/CVO Functions

摘要

This working paper documents Task E of the present project, Task Analyses forAdvanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) and Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO) systems. The goal of Task E is to conduct detailed analyses of the influence of using ATIS on driving tasks for both private and commercial vehicle operators. Information for the task analysis was obtained from a review of the literature, observations, and interviews of drivers and dispatchers using prototype and first-generation operational systems. The report organizes the tasks people and systems do while driving into three usable formats: (1) a graphical representation of the interactions that take place between driving and ATIS/CVO functions; (2) a diagram (i.e., an Operational Sequence Diagram (OSD)) of the sequence of task actions, the types of tasks involved, and the relationship between various human and non-human parts of the system; and (3) a description of each task in terms of its purpose, initiating conditions, task type, and performance considerations. General characteristics and performance considerations are examined for four types of tasks: setup, bridging, decision-making, and integrated. A summary of research issues and additional research needs are identified.