Center For the Evaluation Of Risks to Human Reproduction: NTP-CERHR Expert Panel Report on the Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity of Amphetamine and Methamphetamine

摘要

The National Toxicology Program (NTP) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) established the NTP Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction (CERHR) in June 1998. The purpose of the Center is to provide timely, unbiased, scientifically sound evaluations of human and experimental evidence for adverse effects on reproduction and development caused by agents to which humans may be exposed. Amphetamines were selected for expert panel evaluation because of widespread usage in children, availability of studies on developmental effects in children and experimental animals, and public concern about the effects of these stimulants on child development. Amphetamines evaluated were d- and d,l-amphetamine and methamphetamine. d- and d,l-Amphetamine are approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. d- Methamphetamine hydrochloride is used in pharmaceutical preparations in the United States and is approved for the treatment of ADHD and for short-term treatment of obesity. Methamphetamine is also manufactured and used as an illicit drug.