Fiscal Impact Guidebook. Estimating Local Costs and Revenues of Land Development

摘要

This HUD handbook describes a variety of ways in which local planners can estimate both the public costs of land development and the revenues such development produces. Consisting of four parts, it begins with an overview of the dynamics of local public expenditures, then summarizes the specific steps necessary to implement each of six fiscal impact analysis methods; each strategy is described in terms of where it is applicable, what its assumptions are, how it is to be applied, what the method's demands are in terms of data and user sophistication, its advantages and disadvantages, and how its results should be interpreted. The following section complements the previous cost discussion by demonstrating procedures for estimating local revenues generated by new growth; it provides an overview of the range of municipal and school district revenues and their changing relationships over time. Another section discusses kinds of land - use activities that typically require fiscal impact considerations and the situations where fiscal impact analysis may be inappropriate or may not be the correct criterion upon which to base land - use policy. The final section provides supplementary data essential to those undertaking impact analyses. Demographic multipliers (household size and school - age children) for housing units of different configurations, sizes, and locations are summarized, while subsequent discussions highlight how to calculate demographic multipliers from local surveys or census data, how to project the value of multifamily and nonresidential properties if only gross income is known, and background information on computer models for fiscal impact analyses. A glossary of terms, an index, and a bibliography accompany the text.