Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, 2013: Democratic People's Republic of Korea

摘要

The Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK or North Korea) is an authoritarian state led by the Kim family for more than 60 years. In July 2012 Kim Jong Un was named marshal of the DPRK and supreme commander of the Korean Peoples Army. Kim Jong Uns grandfather, the late Kim Il Sung, remains eternal president. The most recent national elections, held in March 2009, were neither free nor fair. Authorities maintained effective control over the security forces. Security forces committed human rights abuses. Citizens did not have the right to change their government. The government subjected citizens to rigid controls over many aspects of their lives, including denial of the freedoms of speech, press, assembly, association, religion, movement, and worker rights. Reports continued of a vast network of political prison camps in which conditions were often harsh and life threatening and included forced and compulsory labor. Defectors continued to report extrajudicial killings, disappearances, arbitrary detention, arrests of political prisoners, and torture. The judiciary was not independent and did not provide fair trials. Reports continued of severe punishment of some repatriated refugees and their family members. There were reports of female victims of trafficking among refugees and workers crossing the border into China. The government made no known attempts to prosecute officials who committed human rights abuses. Impunity was a widespread problem.