Analysis of Southeast Asian Shipping. Volume 1. Executive Summary

摘要

The study analyzed possible future shipping initiatives of several Southeast Asian nations and the effects of these initiatives on U.S. liner carriers and shippers. The Southeast Asian nations studied were Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. The study found that the mid-1980s economic downturn led the Southeast Asian governments to recognize the restrictive shipping policies frequently resulted in the use of higher-cost and lower-quality carriers which reduced the competitiveness of their exports in world markets. The recognition, coupled with pressure from exporters and domestic industries, triggered significant liberalization in the shipping policies of the nations studied. The study also concludes that, based on past experience, U.S. government responses to unfavorable or anticompetitive conditions imposed in either the direct or cross trades are effective in eliminating or mitigating such unfavorable conditions in the Southeast Asian liner trades.