Vocational Education and Training: A Review of World Bank Investment

摘要

World Bank investment in vocational education and training (VET) has averaged $500 million a year in the 1980s. In the past ten years, the most striking achievement of VET has been the development of national training systems from nonformal training centers and postsecondary technical education institutions. It has happened largely in middle-income countries, where project investments have emphasized expansion of institutions and the link between training and employment. Investments in low-income countries, especially those in Sub-Saharan Africa, have been less successful. Implementation weaknesses and stagnating economies have made it difficult to set up any type of training. Efforts are hampered by inefficiency and poor participation. In small low-income countries, recent Bank experience suggests that resources be concentrated in nonformal training centers, training quality, development of management capacity in training institutions, and aggressive marketing of training opportunities and services. (Copyright (c) 1989 The World Bank.)