Slender steel and tungsten-carbide rods were fired into copper, lead, and steel targets at velocities to about 11,000 feet per second. Values for the fineness ratio of the rods ranged from 6.0 to 12.7- For copper and lead targets, the impact is described as occurring in the unreformed-projectile region at the lover impact velocities and in the transition region at the higher velocities. For steel rods impacting steel targets, the impacts were described as occurring in the unreformed-projectile region of impact at all test velocities.nRods impacting at velocities approaching the fluid-impact region were compared with the jets of shaped explosive charges. It was found that a rod produced a crater of twice the depth of that produced by a shaped-charge jet the same length as the rod. Furthermore, the craters produced by the rods were relatively wide cavities, with diameters comparable to depth, in contrast to the narrow holes formed by the jets. These differences are ascribed to increased secondary penetration for the rod impact, brought about by the low fineness ratio of the rods (10) compared to the jets (100).
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