Effective Interactions, Elementary Excitations, and Transport in the Helium Liquids

摘要

Polarization potentials, the self-consistent fields which describe the primary consequences of the strong atom-atom interaction in the helium liquids, are developed for liquid sup 4 He and sup 3 He. Emphasis is placed on the common physical origin of the effective interactions in all helium liquids, and the hierarchy of physical effects (very short-range atomic correlations, zero point motion, and the Pauli principle) which determine their strength is reviewed. An overview is then given of the application of polarization potential theory to experiment, including the phonon-maxon-roton spectra of sup 4 He and sup 3 He- sup 4 He mixtures, the phonon-maxon spectrum of normal and spin-polarized sup 3 He, and the transport properties of superfluid sup 4 He and of normal and spin-polarized sup 3 He. (ERA citation 12:019378)