Plasma Polymerization of Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons.

摘要

A series of nine saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons were polymerized by subjecting them to a radio frequency glow discharge at reduced pressures. It was found that acetylene polymerizes most rapidly,followed by ethylene and butadiene,then by propylene,cis-2-butene and isobutylene. The saturated alkanes:methane,ethane,and propane polymerize most slowly. Infrared spectra of the polymers made of ethane ethylene,and acetylene showed that with increasing monomer unsaturation the polymer contained more double bonds,fewer methylene groups,and a greater tendency to be oxidized after preparation. An examination of the mechanism of ethylene polymerization led to the conclusion that a significant amount of oligomerization occurs in the gas phase. In addition it is hypothesized that an important initial step is the partial conversion of ethylene to acetylene. (Modified author abstract)