The Guinea Pig 'Cavia porcellus' as a Model for Isoniazid-Induced Reactions.

摘要

Daily injections of isoniazid were given to evaluate the guinea pig as a model in the study of such human side effects as coagulopathy syndrome, pyridoxine deficiency and hepatic lesions. Mild hepatitis was demonstrated by significant increases in SGOT and SDH levels. Hepatic lesions ranged from focal areas of inflammatory cell infiltrate to necrosis. Cutaneous testing demonstrated that the hepatitis was probably a hypersensitivity reaction to both isoniazid and isonicotinic acid. Significant eosinophilia and eosinophils present in hepatic lesions also suggested a hypersensitivity reaction. Significant increases in prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time and fibrin split products as well as significant decreases in fibrinogen and thrombocytes indicated that a coagulopathy syndrome had been produced. Specifically, a disseminated intravascular coagulation-like syndrome was shown to occur in significant numbers of treated animals. Isoniazid treatment also induced a pyridoxine deficiency which was demonstrated by significant decreases in serum pyridoxine concentrations. This deficiency was associated with demyelination of the sciatic nerve in treated guinea pigs.