Experimental Observations and Analysis of Hydrodynamic Effects on Growth of Small Pits.

摘要

Potentiostated pitting experiments were conducted with zone-refined iron and with commercial 304 stainless steel in sodium chloride solutions. Growth of single small pits initiated at small holes in a lacquer surface layer were observed under a microscope at 60X under stagnant and controlled hydrodynamic flow conditions. Three modes limiting pit growth rate were observed: hemispherical diffusion, hydrodynamic boundary layer diffusion, and solution ohmic resistance. Experiments showed that for a given size pit there is a threshold velocity below which hydrodynamic flow is not important and that there is a critical velocity above which current density is limited by ohmic drop in solution. Stainless steel repassivates at the ohmic limited current density and pitting stops. (Author)