Immobilization of Hydroquinone on Electrode Surfaces

摘要

A Mannich-type reaction between n-propylamine, formaldehyde and hydroquinone appeared to follow a reaction sequence in solution different than when the n-propylamine was replaced by an amine-derivatized indiumtion oxide (ITO) coated glass electrode surface. However, the Mannich reaction oxide (ITO) coated glass electrode surface. However, the Mannich reaction can serve as a method for the attachment of small levels of hydroquinone to ITO surfaces for subsequent electrochemistry or immobilization studies with other biological redox systems. The Fries rearrangement was shown to be an alternative method for the covalent attachment of hydroquinone to glassy carbon electrodes. The present study evolved from efforts to attach Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD) to glassy carbon and indium-tin oxide (ITO) electrodes by methods that are very specific for particular coupling sites on the FAD molecule. Therefore, we investigated the Mannich reaction and used it to couple FAD to amine-derivatized ITO coated glass electrodes, specifically through the FAD adenine amino group.