Hypertension

摘要

Based on the National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on Children and Adolescents consensus, which was developed from the synthesis of all available scientific evidence (2): ? Pediatric hypertension (HTN) is defined as an average of systolic or diastolic blood pressure (BP) measurements at or above the 95th percentile of BP for the child's age, gender, and height percentile. ? All children age 3 years and older who present for care (health supervision care, urgent care, emergency care) should have their BP measured during each visit. In addition, some at-risk children younger than age 3 years also should have their BP measured at each provider visit. ? All children who have confirmed HTN should undergo an evaluation to rule out secondary causes. The age of the child and the severity of the BP elevation will dictate how extensive this evaluation should be. ? Once a child is diagnosed as having HTN and has undergone an evaluation, antihypertensive therapy should be initiated, which includes lifestyle modification for all children and pharmacologic therapy for some children.