Overview of insulin and non-insulin delivery devices in the treatment of diabetes

摘要

Diabetes affects 20.9 million people in the U.S. and 347 million people worldwide.1-2 It is estimated that one in three American adults will have diabetes by 2050 Serious complications, such as blindness, kidney failure, and amputations, have been associated with chronic hyperglycemia. Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death worldwide.Approximately 5% of diabetes cases in the U.S. are classified as type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), which requires insulin therapy because of (3-cell destruction. Of all diabetes cases, 90% to 95% are classified as type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which results from a progressive insulin secretory defect against a background of insulin resistance. T2DM is more common in minority populations, the elderly, obese persons, and those with sedentary lifestyles.