Computed tomographic colonography: Evidence and techniques for screening

摘要

In 2012, 143,460 new diagnoses of colorectal cancer (CRC) were estimated in the United States resulting in an estimated 51,690 deaths, making it the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men and women.1 Since 1985, there has been a relatively steady decline in both die incidence and mortality of CRC, largely attributed to increased screening and early detection.x Despite these encouraging statistics, nearly 40 million eligible individuals do not engage in CRC screening.2 Computed Tomographic colonography (CTC) is a relatively recent addition to the menu of available screening options. CTC is a low-dose noncontrast computed tomography (CT) exam with colonic preparation and distention which allows for a complete structural examination of the colorectum. Since its introduction in 1994,3 CTC has progressed from a research tool into a validated clinical application.4'5