The treatment of laryngeal dystonia (spasmodic dysphonia) with botulinum toxin injections

摘要

Spasmodic dysphonia is a neurologic voice disorder classified as a task-specific focal laryngeal dystonia. Botulinum toxin injection into affected musculature is the gold standard of treatment. The efficacy of this treatment practice has been supported in double-blind placebo-controlled trials. This technique is detailed in this monograph.