Tunneling of Electromagnetic Waves through a Barrier with a Periodic Structure

摘要

The propagation of an electromagnetic wave through a barrier with a periodic structure is considered. An interesting manifestation of electromagnetic wave tunneling through a barrier with a periodic structure is revealed. Specifically, it is theoretically and experimentally shown that, when an electromagnetic wave passes through a medium with a periodic structure in the diffraction mode within a photonic band gap, the field in the medium is localized near its boundaries. Theoretical calculations have been performed for a cholesteric liquid crystal layer of finite thickness and for a 1D photonic crystal. The experiment was carried out with perfect Si single crystals in reflection from the (220) and (440) planes using MoK_(alpha) X rays.