A new method of absolute measurement of the three components of the magnetic field

摘要

A method of simultaneous measurement of the three components of the Earth's magnetic field vector using an optically pumped M-x magnetometer placed into a symmetric system of magnetic coils is proposed and justified mathematically. The method shows a high absolute accuracy (of the order of 0.1 nT for a measuring time of 0.1 s). The short-term sensitivity of the measurements is determined by the sensitivity of the M-x magnetometer.