Barometric Calorimeters'

摘要

A barometric calorimeter technique has been developed to characterize the temporal evolution ofcombustion in confined explosions. By comparing pressure measurements for explosions in air versus nitro-gen, one can make visible the gasdynamic (pressure) consequences of the exothermic energy release. Thelate-time chamber pressure measurement is used to evaluate the final mass-fraction of products produced bycombustion. Combustion completeness varied from 50-89% over a wide range of stoichiometrics. A thermo-dynamic model of combustion in a calorimeter is proposed. The model was applied to the TNT—air system;chamber pressures varied between 1 bar and 1 kbar for fuel mass-fractions between 1 and 99%. Chamber tem-perature reached a maximum of 2.099 K at a fuel mass loading of 36%. We will show that combustion is amore-effective energy release mechanism for creating high temperatures and pressures in a confined explo-sion than the detonation mechanism.