A Study of Chemical Transformations of Organic Compoundsunder the Action of Cavitation

摘要

The action of ultrasonic and hydrodynamic cavitation on the cracking of organic compounds ofvarious natures (linear alkanes (octane, undecane, and hexadecane), carboxylic acids (decanoic and oleicacids), alcohols (decanol), and esters (ethyl caprate)) and transesterification of rapeseed oil and methanoland ethanol was studied. An analysis of hydrocarbon transformation products by gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, NM R, and chromato-mass spectrometry showed that cavitation treat-ment of any class of organic compounds of those mentioned above resulted in transformations no more than1.1% deep. In experiments with transesterification of rapeseed oil and methanol and ethanol without a cata-lyst under the action of cavitation, the yield of fatty acid esters did not exceed 2.1 mol %. The energy effi-ciency of the cavitation apparatus was estimated at 0.002% for endothermic cracking of alkanes. The dataobtained led us to conclude that the use of cavitation directly for performing cracking of various organic com-pounds and noncatalytic transesterification of vegetable oils was ineffective.