Yield of rice grain and alfalfa green mass with application of microfertilizers.

摘要

Field experiments determining the yield of rice grain and lucerne green mass with the application of microfertilizers were conducted on rice meadow chernozem and alluvial meadow bog soils in Russia. Microfertilizers were applied to the soil at two times: before planting along with N₆₀P₉₀K₉₀ fertilizers and soil dressing in the seedling stage. The crop was harvested in the grain full ripeness stage. Application of boron fertilizer under rice at a rate of 1 kg/ha (Br₁) did not meet the need of plants for it when grown on alluvial meadow bog soil. With the application of B₂ (2 kg/ha) a positive effect was revealed, but a further increase in the fertilizer dose did not lead to an increase of plant productivity, although a suppressing effect of boron was not noted. Thus, B₂ can be considered the optimal dose of boron fertilizer. Preplanting application of cobalt microfertilizer to this soil increased grain yield by 0.52-0.56 t/ha, or by 14.7-15.9%. Due to the natural fertility of meadow chernozem soil, 73.26 t/ha of lucerne green mass was obtained, which corresponds to 21.75 t/ha hay. Microfertilizers significantly increased the productivity of rice crops. Especially substantial was the effect of cobalt and molybdenum fertilizers. Their positive effect on lucerne productivity was observed during all growing years. Zinc fertilizer promoted the production of a greater amount of green mass only in the first growth year of lucerne, whereas copper fertilizer, in the second and third years. The total lucerne green mass yield for seven cuts as a consequence of applying cobalt fertilizer increased by 5.92, copper by 8.38 and molybdenum by 10.97 t/ha and hay yield by 1.76, 2.48 and 3.26 t/ha, respectively.Notes translated from Doklady Rossiiskoi Akademii Sel'skokhozyaistvennykh Nauk (2010) No. 2, 17-19 (Ru)