Complex processing of aluminum-containing wastes accompanied by production of alumina, coagulants, and building materials

摘要

The physico-chemical foundations and technology for processing aluminum-containing wastes, such as hydro-aluminocarbonate sediment, underslime water, foundry slag, catalysts, mineral components of coal), in order to produce alumina, coagulants for purification of drinking and sewage water, rare metals, and building materials are developed. The technology employs acid, chloride, electrothermic methods. The physico-chemical foundations for processing of aluminum-containing wastes includes investigations to study the kinetic interactions of the basic constituents of these wastes with alkalis, adds, chlorine; a determination of the composition of aluminate, sulfate, nitrate, chloride systems that contain aluminum, iron, and alkaline and rare metals; separation of aluminum compounds in aqueous solutions from iron and silicon oxides; identification of the chemism and mechanism of the transition of sulfates into aluminates in the decomposition of sulfate compounds of aluminum, potassium, and sodium; and the extraction of germanium, scandium, gallium, zirconium, and other minor impurities from waste for the purpose of achieving more integrated use of these impurities.