Molecular markers for breeding for genetic resistance against diseases in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): Applications and perspectives

摘要

In this work we emphasize the application of marker assisted-selection (MAS) strategies in bean breeding for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The inclusion of resistance genes within a particular geographical area is a traditional breeding method, but generally of short durability since few genes with total effectiveness to one or few races or avirulence genes are managed. Thus, new genes must be continuously included in breeding programs. The combination of different resistance genes to stress based on few crosses and filial generations under evaluation will provide a stable and durable resistance. In common bean, this resistance will be achieved by using strategies such as gene pyramiding which could be more effective as long as MAS is used in combination with traditional breeding. This will allow a fast and effective breeding of major quantitative trait loci in common bean. Molecular markers offer in the short term, support for development of new common bean cultivars in Mexico with durable resistance to diseases and other adverse stresses; they are also less laborious and cheaper.