Influence of green manures and crop residue management on yield and yield components of silage corn.

摘要

If residues are managed properly, then it can warrant the improvement in the sustainability in crop productivity. Green manures not only supply the plant nutrients but also improve the soil health. This research was conducted in 2011 at Khaton Abad Agricultural Research Station of Islamic University (Khorasgan Branch), Esfahan, Iran. A strip layout within randomized completely block design with three replications was used. The experiment was related to the effects of green manure and farm yard manure on forage yield and chemical characteristics. Green manures included barley, rye, triticale and clover with two levels of farm yard manure, namely, 30 and 60 t/ha and one treatment of chemical fertilization as a control treatment in main strip and decomposition time of manures in two levels, the first one was one day after turning green manure to soil and the second one was four weeks after returning of them. Crop had significant influence on stem diameter, plant height from ear to the ground, final plant height, leaf fresh weight, stem fresh weight, stem dry weight and ear dry weight. Moreover, different kinds of management had significant effect on stem diameter, plant height from ear to the ground, final plant height, leaf fresh weight, stem fresh weight, ear fresh weight, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight and ear dry weight. Crop and management interaction had significant influence on stem diameter, plant height from ear to the ground, final plant height, leaf fresh weight, stem fresh weight, ear fresh weight, stem dry weight and ear dry weight. The highest plant height from ear to the ground, final plant height, leaf fresh weight, stem fresh weight, ear fresh weight, stem dry weight and ear dry weight were related to the field after cultivation of barley as a green manure. The maximum stem diameter, plant height from ear to the ground, final plant height, ear fresh weight, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight and ear dry weight were obtained in four weeks of residue retention. To conclude, four weeks of residue retention accompanied by using of barley as a green manure led to the highest yield and yield components of forage corn in this experiment. In near future, the importance of these types of investigation will become increasingly important with increasing environmental concerns and obtain healthy products.