They were subtle changes at first and could be ignored easily. But Richard Russell, a radiologic technologist with more than 10 years' experience, soon realized he had a problem and began a persistent investigation. These subtle soft-tissue artifacts at times mimicked the appearance of tumor pathologies. (See Fig. 1.) A year into the investigation the department changed its film-screen system, but the artifacts remained. As the artifact problem became worse, Mr. Russell noted an important fact - the artifacts only appeared on Bucky work; they were not apparent on tabletop examinations. The question remained: What was the cause?
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