Vitamin D and Evening Primrose Oil Administration Improve Glycemia and Lipid Profiles in Women with Gestational Diabetes

摘要

Limited data are available assessing the effects of vitamin D and evening primrose oil (EPO) administration on markers of insulin resistance and lipid concentrations in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study was designed to evaluate the effects of vitamin D and EPO administration on insulin resistance and lipid concentrations among women with GDM. In this prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 60 participants with GDM were divided into 2 groups of either 1000 IU vitamin D3 and 1000 mg EPO or placebo for 6 weeks. At the beginning and end of the study, fasting blood samples were obtained from the participants to measure related variables. After 6 weeks of intervention, changes in fasting plasma glucose (-3.6 +/- 7.5 vs. +1.5 +/- 11.4 mg/dL, P = 0.04), serum insulin concentrations (-2.0 +/- 5.3 vs. + 4.6 +/- 10.7 mu IU/mL, P = 0.004), homeostasis model of assessment (HOMA) insulin resistance (-0.5 +/- 1.1 vs. + 1.1 +/- 2.5, P = 0.003), HOMA-B cell function (-7.7 +/- 23.3 vs. + 17.4 +/- 42.9, P = 0.007) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+ 0.01 +/- 0.02 vs. -0.01 +/- 0.02, P = 0.007) in the vitamin D plus EPO group were significantly different from the placebo group. In addition, compared with the placebo, vitamin D and EPO supplementation resulted in significant reductions in serum TAG (-20.0 +/- 54.3 vs. + 34.3 +/- 38.2 mg/dL, P < 0.001), VLDL (-4.0 +/- 10.9 vs. + 6.9 +/- 7.6 mg/dL, P < 0.001), TC (-22.1 +/- 32.6 vs. + 5.3 +/- 20.1 mg/dL, P < 0.001), LDL concentrations (-18.0 +/- 25.5 vs. + 1.8 +/- 15.7 mg/dL, P = 0.001) and TC/HDL (-0.3 +/- 0.4 vs. + 0.3 +/- 0.5 mg/dL, P < 0.001). We did not observe any significant effect of vitamin D and EPO supplementation on serum HDL concentrations.