Prevention of familial adenomatous polyp development in APCmin mice and azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in f344 rats by ω-3 fatty acid rich perilla oil

摘要

The present study explored the preventive effects of perilla oil, rich in α-linolenic acid, in rodent models of colon tumorigenesis. Six-week-old male F344 rats were fed diets containing 5% corn oil or 10 or 20% perilla oil. Colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were induced by azoxymethane (AOM) and colonic ACF were evaluated. In familial adenomatous polyposis mode, APCmin mice fed with 20% corn oil or perilla oil for 80 days and intestines were evaluated for polyps. Multiple colonic mucosal and polyp samples were assayed for the expression and activity of cyclooxygenase COX-isoforms. Dietary perilla oil produced a dose-dependent inhibition of AOM-induced colonic ACF formation (by 35-53%, P 0.01-0.005) and reduced the number of foci with ≥4 crypts/focus (by 38-50%, P 0.01-0.001) in F344 rats. Dietary perilla oil significantly inhibited development of small intestinal (69%, P 0.0001) and colon tumors (52%, P 0.03) in APCmin mice. Administration of perilla oil produced lower levels of type-2 prostaglandins (38-53%) from COX-activities in polyps of APCmin mice. These observations demonstrate that dietary perilla oil rich in ω-3 fatty acids possesses preventive activity against intestinal neoplastic lesions, both in FAP in genetically-predisposed tissues, as well as against chemically induced preneoplastic lesions in the colon.