Effectiveness of crop rotation with Brassicaceae species for the management of the southern root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita.

摘要

Brassica juncea accessions ISCI 99 and ISCI 20, Eruca sativa [E. vesicaria] cv. Nemat, Crambe abyssinica cv. Mario, and Raphanus sativus cv. Boss, selected for their glucosinolate content, were rotated with host crops of the southern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, to ascertain their effectiveness in managing the nematode, in comparison with a rotation using a susceptible crop Vicia villosa cv. Haymaker plus. The crops were sown in the late summer before tomato or in the late spring before carrot. All the species used significantly suppressed the number of nematode juveniles in the soil and in the roots in comparison with a susceptible intercrop. Brassica juncea accession ISCI 99 and C. abyssinica cv. Mario acted mainly as biofumigants while R. sativus cv. Boss and E. sativa cv. Nemat revealed a clear trap crop effect. The results showed a significant tomato yield increase after rotation with the crops, except for the rotation with B. juncea accession ISCI 99. Significant carrot yield increase was also observed in the plots previously rotated with E. sativa cv. Nemat, B. juncea accession ISCI 99 and R. sativus cv. Boss. The beneficial effect of the rotation with mustard species was greater in biocidal crops sown in late spring rather than in late summer..