The CURPAP study: An international randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of combining prophylactic surfactant and early nasal continuous positive airway pressure in very preterm infants

摘要

Evidence from randomized, controlled trials, as summarized in the Cochrane systematic reviews, demonstrates that prophylactic or early surfactant as compared with delayed rescue surfactant treatment results in improved outcomes for high-risk preterm infants [1]. The use of surfactant for the treatment or prophylaxis of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) results in a 30-65% relative reduction in the risk of pneumothorax and up to a 40% relative reduction in the risk of mortality. Adverse events are infrequent, and long-term follow-up studies are reassuring. Natural surfactants seem to have advantages over synthetic surfactants, with a lower incidence of pneumothorax and mortality rate [2].