This double-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at 39 centers in 5 areas of northern China (Beijing, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Shanxi, and Tianjin) from May 2004 to August 2005. Participants fulfilled at least one of the following criteria: age over 55 years, presence of diabetes, a diagnosis of cerebral or peripheral vascular disease, or a systolic BP of 160 mmHg or higher. To be eligible for enrollment, individuals also had to have an estimated daily salt intake of 260mmol or higher. After a 4-week run-in period to identify individuals who would be unlikely to comply with follow-up requirements, eligible participants were randomly assigned to receive a supply of either salt substitute or common salt.
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