Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1: Actions beyond Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition

摘要

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent enzymes that includes 25 current members. MMPs degrade the structural components of the extracellular matrix and process bioactive molecules including cytokines, chemokines and growth factors [1]. MMP activity is tightly controlled by the endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) comprising 4 homologous members (TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3 and TIMP-4). The dynamic balance between MMPs and TIMPs controls extracellular matrix turnover and maintains tissue homeostasis. Alterations in the balance between MMPs and TIMPs are implicated in the pathogen-esis of cardiovascular disease [2].