Teschovirus encephalomyelitis - current state of knowledge

摘要

Teschovirus encephalomyelitis of pigs is an enzootic disease caused by neurotropic Porcine teschovirus serotype 1 (PTV-1). This disease occurs exclusively in pigs. Teschovirus encephalomyelitis was first described in Czechoslovakia in 1929. During the 1950s the diseases occurred in many European countries as well as in Canada, USA, Australia and Asia. Recently there have been no epidemics of teschovirus encephalomyelitis, however there has been serological evidence that apathogenic or low-pathogenic virus variants circulate in pig populations. Eleven serotypes of PTV have been described. An infection with a virulent strain of serotype 1 is associated with a classical course of the diseases with high morbidity and mortality of pigs at each age. A milder form of the disease can be caused by other PTV serotypes, including PTV from 2 to 6, 9 and 10. Beside neurological disorders, teschoviral infections are associated with reproductive failures, diarrheas, pneumonias and cutaneous lesions in pigs.