Prevalence of trichinellosis in domestic and free-living animals.

摘要

Trichinellosis is a serious zoonotic helminth disease of humans, free-living carnivores, omnivores and farm animals. The transfer of the disease is associated with the food chain. Its characteristic features are the existence of natural foci and cosmopolitan occurrence, with the exception of Antarctica. The epizootology of the agent includes two cycles of transfer, i. e. sylvatic and domestic. The dominant species in the sylvatic cycle is Trichinella britovi, while T. spiralis predominates in the domestic cycle. In Europe, in addition to these species, T. nativa was found in northern territories and T. pseudospiralis has been transferred by birds. The monitoring of the incidence of trichinellosis between 2007 and 2010 was carried out in collaboration with the State Veterinary Institute (SVI) in Zvolen. This project involved the examination of 216,270 animals: 51,370 wild boars, 164,713 pigs, 41 bears, 144 foxes and 2 badgers, from different regions of Slovakia. The presence of larvae in muscle tissues was determined by the artificial digestion of group samples in accordance with EU legislation (1). The species identification was carried out by multiplex PCR using specific primers from the zone of expansion segment V (ESV). Of the examined animals, positivity was detected in 13 wild boars (0.02%) and 7 foxes (4.86%) from different Slovak districts. Molecular analysis confirmed the presence of Trichinella britovi in all positive samples.