OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the importance of subjecting the patient to an outpatient (office) hysteroscopy (OH) before assisted reproductive techniques (ART) and patient compliance, possible side effects, and complications of the procedure. DESIGN: Comparative observational cross-sectional study. SETTING: University hospital. PATIENT(S): One hundred fifty-two patients attending the outpatient infertility clinic for pre-ART (IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection [ICSI]-ET) investigations, with normal uterine findings on hysterosalpingography (HSG). INTERVENTION(S): Transvaginal sonography (TVS) and OH (using a rigid, 30-degree, 4-mm hysteroscope) by the vaginoscopic "no touch" technique. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Diagnostic value and compliance of OH. RESULT(S): The procedure was successful in 145 patients (95.4%); 51 of them (35.2%) had previous ART failures. Abnormal hysteroscopic findings were observed in 48 women (33.1%), in which endometrial polyp, submucous myoma, and intrauterine adhesions were the most common findings. The TVS was specific (100%) but not sensitive (41.7%) compared with OH. Abnormal hysteroscopic findings were significantly higher in patients with previous ART failure(s). The procedure was acceptable in almost all patients with no reported complications. CONCLUSION(S): The OH should be part of the infertility workup before ART even in patients with normal HSG and/or TVS. This is especially relevant in cases with prior failed ART cycles.
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