The effect of staggered administration of zinc sulfate on the pharmacokinetics of oral cephalexin

摘要

Aims: To investigate the effect of zinc sulfate on pharmacokinetics of cephalexin when administered concurrently or at strategically spaced dosing times designed to avoid the potential interaction in healthy volunteers. Methods: In this study, all subjects (n= 12) were randomized to receive the following four treatments, separated by a wash-out period of 7 days: cephalexin 500mg alone, concomitantly with zinc 250mg, 3h after zinc 250mg or 3h before zinc 250mg. Results: All subjects completed the study safely. Zinc supplements administered concurrently with cephalexin significantly decreased the peak serum concentration (C max), area under the plasma concentration-time curve from zero to infinity (AUC 0-∞) and the time for which the plasma concentration of the drug remained above the minimal inhibitory concentration of the pathogenic organism (T MIC) of cephalexin [mean percentage decrease (95% confidence intervals) of 31.05% (22.09-40.01%), 27.40% (18.33-36.47%) and 22.33% (12.51-32.16%), respectively; P 0.05] compared with administration of cephalexin alone. Also, administration of zinc 3h before cephalexin decreased the C max, AUC 0-∞ and T MIC of the drug compared with administration of cephalexin alone [mean percentage decrease (95% confidence intervals) of 11.48% (3.40-19.55%), 18.12% (9.63-26.60%) and 23.75% (14.30-33.20%), respectively; P 0.05]. In contrast, the pharmacokinetics of cephalexin was not notably altered by administration of zinc 3h after cephalexin dosing (P 0.05). Conclusions: The significant interaction between zinc and cephalexin might affect the clinical outcome of cephalexin therapy. The dosing recommendation is that zinc sulfate can be safely administered 3h after a cephalexin dose.