Reversals of solar polar magnetic field, amplitudes of 11-year cycles, and special points of sunspot latitude parameters

摘要

The correlations between the amplitude of the 11-year sunspot cycle and the lengths of intervals between reversals of the polar magnetic field and intervals between special points of sunspot latitude parameters are studied. It is shown that the amplitude of the 11-year sunspot cycle correlates well with the length of intervals that includes the time of attainment of 15A degrees latitude by the midlatitude curve. On this basis, regression equations were derived that allow calculation of the times of dipole reversals from data on special points (times) of sunspot activity with (and without) consideration of data on the amplitude of a corresponding cycle. Equations were also derived for calculation of the cycle amplitude from data on times of solar polar magnetic field reversals and special points of sunspot latitude parameters. These equations allow calculation of the dipole reversal time points in cycle 24 and the amplitude of this cycle (GSNmax(24) = 80 +/- 21.2). A prognostic regression equation was derived to predict the amplitude of the (n + 1)th cycle by data on reversal times in the nth 11-year cycle.