Direct-to-consumer theranostics, 21st century collective innovation and entrepreneurship

摘要

Some might consider theranostics as a 'game changer': it not only broadens the scope of 21st century science, it also entails new ways of'doing science'. In particular, citizen scientists engaging in the selection of study hypotheses and designs, as well as collection of phenotypic data in geographically distributed forms of data-intensive 'omics' sciences (e.g., genomics, proteom-ics, metabolomics). Theranostics thus signals a move towards collective innovation and a ' horizontalization' of 21st century knowledge production that moves beyond traditional technology experts in laboratories and ivory towers.