A lower bound on the number of edges in a k-critical n-vertex graph recently obtained by Kostochka and Yancey yields a half-page proof of the celebrated Gr?tzsch Theorem that every planar trianglefree graph is 3-colorable. In this paper we use the same bound to give short proofs of other known theorems on 3-coloring of planar graphs, among which is the Grünbaum–Aksenov Theorem that every planar graph with at most three triangles is 3-colorable.Wealso prove the new result that every graph obtained from a triangle-free planar graph by adding a vertex of degree at most 4 is 3-colorable.
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